August 29, 2025
L’Estrange v F Graucob Ltd 20 Feb 1934 [1934] 2 KB 394, DC
The claimant purchased a faulty cigarette machine, signing an agreement without reading it. The contract contained a clause in small print excluding all warranties. The court held that by signing the document, she was bound by its terms, establishing the principle of incorporation by signature. Facts The claimant, Miss L’Estrange, a proprietor of a café in Llandudno, purchased an automatic slot machine for cigarettes from the defendants, F Graucob Ltd. She signed a ‘Sales Agreement’ printed on brown paper which was filled in by the defendants’ agent. The agreement contained, in small print, a clause stating: ‘This agreement contains all
